You’re probably most familiar with “genre” in terms of kinds of books or movies: sci-fi, action, romance, comedy, horror, thriller, etc. When you know the genre of a book or movie, you make assumptions about what the story will be like, what kinds of things it will or will not contain, and whether or not you will like it. A lot of these assumptions will be correct! If you’ve ever thought, “Oh, I bet they’ll get together at the end” or “Oh, I bet he’s the bad guy,” you’re already doing genre analysis.
A genre is a type of writing, defined by certain rules, norms, patterns, or expectations. Genre shapes content, but it doesn’t determine content. Writers have lots of room to play around and be creative within a given genre, and tell the story they want to tell. If they break too many of the norms/patterns for their genre, their story might be called “genre-bending” or just be classified as a different genre entirely. I might say that the Mandalorian is genre-bending, because it’s technically science fiction (it takes place a long time ago in a galaxy far far away, and there are spaceships), but it’s also a Western (Mando is basically a space cowboy who travels around to different remote settlements and helps them out with stuff). People might also say that a story “redefines the genre.” For example, most British/American fantasy is heavily influenced by J.R.R. Tolkien and Lord of the Rings. And a lot of paranormal romance is influenced by Stephenie Meyer and Twilight.
Parodies sometime use the norms/expectations of a genre to make fun of that same genre by subverting them in some way– Scream makes fun of horror movies, The Last Action Hero makes fun of action movies, Deadpool makes fun of superhero movies, etc. They belong to those genres, but they’re also commenting on them/joking about them.
Okay, now to move away from literary/fictional genres.
These same principles apply to other kinds of writing– in fact, basically EVERY other kind of writing.
Here are some genres I’ve used just in communicating with you:
- Syllabus
- Calendar
- Interpersonal Introduction
- Semi-formal email
- Survey
- Blog post
And here are some other genres I’ve read or written today:
- News article
- Tweet
- Facebook post
- Text message
- Academic essay
- How-to instructions
- To-do list
- Poem
- Weather alert
Your ability to interpret what I’ve communicated to you is partially dependent on your familiarity with these genres. You know how to read a calendar. Since most if not all of you are entering your second (or later) semester of college, you will have seen college-style syllabuses before. You know at least a little bit about how to navigate them and what kinds of information you can expect to find there.
The rules of genres are not always clear. If you’ve ever been anxious about sending an email because you’re not sure if it’s formal enough, or polite enough, or too friendly, or not friendly enough, that’s genre anxiety!
How do you know if something is a genre? Is “non-fiction” a genre? If “romance” is a genre, is “paranormal romance” a genre, or a subgenre? A Buzzfeed article and a New York Times article are usually very different, but they’re both news. Are they the same genre, or different genres? Can something belong to multiple genres at the same time?
There isn’t any one answer to these questions. We could probably argue about any of them for a long time! In this class, I’m not worried about technicalities of what counts as a genre. But just about anything we write, we’re not writing from scratch (even if we are starting with a blank page), because we already have other people’s genre expectations to work with.
For example, when I sat down to write our syllabus, I didn’t start with the question of “What even is a syllabus? What should I include on it?” I already knew what types of things it needed to contain. I just had to decide on the organization, the formatting, and the actual content (the genre tells me I need to have a grading policy. What is MY grading policy?).
So, this class is about looking at writing from the level of genre. We’ll be practicing:
- Analyzing examples of a genre to figure out its rules/norms/expectations
- Replicating those rules/norms/expectations ourselves
- But inhabiting the genre with our own ideas/content
The better you are at these skills, the easier it will be to write things you’ve never written before.
Here are some genres we will write in in this class:
- Resume
- Personal reflection
- Personal introduction
- Review
- Online/social media criticism
- Academic criticism
- Lab report/experimental article
- Ethnography
- Discussion post
- Field notes
- Peer feedback
- Literacy narrative
- Annotations
- Personal website
And we’ll read/watch/listen to even more genres!
Why Genre and Imagination?
I teach this class with a theme of “making stuff up” because if the content is all imaginary, none of it is real anyway, it directs your focus more to the form/organization/style (genre!) than to being accurate in your information. If I asked you to write a real resume for yourself, for our assignment due next week, you’d probably be stressed about how to best describe your experiences and how your classmates and I will view you based on your resume. Which would make it harder to really focus on “what is the genre of resume?”. So, we’ll be writing resumes for fictional characters, and you can use those same skills to make (or revise) your real resume later.
Your Task
Before our next class, keep a genre log for a day or two. Just write down (maybe in a note in your phone) all of the different genres you have read and/or written in during that time period. You might also want to notice whether they’re genres you feel comfortable in or not.